全文获取类型
收费全文 | 27370篇 |
免费 | 4292篇 |
国内免费 | 3777篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 20356篇 |
晶体学 | 352篇 |
力学 | 1383篇 |
综合类 | 349篇 |
数学 | 3123篇 |
物理学 | 9876篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 14篇 |
2023年 | 390篇 |
2022年 | 489篇 |
2021年 | 742篇 |
2020年 | 873篇 |
2019年 | 935篇 |
2018年 | 785篇 |
2017年 | 728篇 |
2016年 | 1180篇 |
2015年 | 1211篇 |
2014年 | 1423篇 |
2013年 | 2013篇 |
2012年 | 2308篇 |
2011年 | 2498篇 |
2010年 | 1778篇 |
2009年 | 1771篇 |
2008年 | 2022篇 |
2007年 | 1816篇 |
2006年 | 1661篇 |
2005年 | 1391篇 |
2004年 | 1244篇 |
2003年 | 1092篇 |
2002年 | 1169篇 |
2001年 | 940篇 |
2000年 | 725篇 |
1999年 | 611篇 |
1998年 | 458篇 |
1997年 | 459篇 |
1996年 | 366篇 |
1995年 | 397篇 |
1994年 | 345篇 |
1993年 | 288篇 |
1992年 | 258篇 |
1991年 | 193篇 |
1990年 | 190篇 |
1989年 | 148篇 |
1988年 | 91篇 |
1987年 | 85篇 |
1986年 | 75篇 |
1985年 | 57篇 |
1984年 | 44篇 |
1983年 | 36篇 |
1982年 | 24篇 |
1981年 | 20篇 |
1980年 | 19篇 |
1978年 | 15篇 |
1977年 | 8篇 |
1976年 | 9篇 |
1975年 | 8篇 |
1973年 | 8篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
101.
Nonlinear Dynamics - A finite element model of the cantilever combined support rotor included two discs established in this paper to predict and explain the nonlinear vibration phenomenon. The... 相似文献
102.
103.
Hongmei Ma Hong Zhu Zhongming Wang 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2019,57(10):1087-1096
The anion exchange membranes (AEMs) with both high ionic conductivity and alkali stability are always the research focus of the AEM fuel cells. Here, a novel nonplanar polymer for AEMs manufacture, mPBI‐TP‐x‐R, with excellent hydroxide stability and satisfactory processability is reported for the first time. The serial mPBI‐TP‐x resins with steric hindrance were prepared by copolymerization among 3,3′,4,4′‐tetraaminobiphenyl, isophthalic acid and tetraphenyl‐terephthalic acid (TP) in different ratios under microwave condensation. The copolymers mPBI‐TP‐x were quaternized at N1/N3‐sites of benzimidazole unit in backbone with alkyl groups (R?CH3, C2H5, n‐C3H7, or n‐C4H9) to prepare soluble ionomers, and the corresponding membranes in hydroxyl ion form were prepared by a solution casting method and subsequent ion‐exchange process. The chemical structure of all membranes was characterized using FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The properties of ion exchange capacity, water uptake, swelling ratio, tensile strength, ionic conductivity, and alkaline stability were measured. Among the prepared membranes, the mPBI‐TP‐15%‐(n‐Bu) exhibited the excellent alkaline stability (only degradation ca. 5% under 1M NaOH aqueous solution at 60 °C for 800 h) and satisfactory OH? conductivity (46.66 mS/cm at 80 °C). The current research provides a useful exploration to commercial application of alkaline fuel cell. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019 , 57, 1087–1096 相似文献
104.
Jun Jason Luo 《Mathematische Nachrichten》2019,292(5):1032-1042
Recently Lipschitz equivalence of self‐similar sets on has been studied extensively in the literature. However for self‐affine sets the problem is more awkward and there are very few results. In this paper, we introduce a w‐Lipschitz equivalence by repacing the Euclidean norm with a pseudo‐norm w. Under the open set condition, we prove that any two totally disconnected integral self‐affine sets with a common matrix are w‐Lipschitz equivalent if and only if their digit sets have equal cardinality. The main methods used are the technique of pseudo‐norm and Gromov hyperbolic graph theory on iterated function systems. 相似文献
105.
Dahui Luo JinRong Wang Dong Shen 《Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences》2019,42(13):4543-4553
This paper considers the consensus tacking problem for nonlinear fractional‐order multiagent systems by presenting a PDα‐type iterative learning control update law with initial learning mechanisms. The asymptotical convergence of the proposed distributed learning algorithm is strictly proved by using the properties of fractional calculus. A sufficient condition is derived to guarantee the whole multiagent system achieving an asymptotic output consensus. An illustrative example is given to verify the theoretical results. 相似文献
106.
Yiming Liu Stuart W. Bunting Shiming Luo Kunzheng Cai Qiangqiang Yang 《Natural Resource Modeling》2019,32(1)
Inappropriate development and overexploitation have seriously degraded aquatic resources in China. Stakeholders identified three fish stock enhancement and biodiversity conservation scenarios for the Beijiang River: S1, increased fish restocking; S2, no fishing season and habitat conservation; and S3, strict pollution control. Potential impacts of these actions on the livelihoods of fishers were evaluated using applied economic modeling. Baseline costs and benefits came from logbooks from 30 fishers and a survey of 90 households in three villages. The financial net benefit for a household was US$1583 (¥11,160) annually, representing a 142% and 387% return on capital and operating costs, respectively. Larger catches associated with S1 and S2 generated a net benefit of US$1651 and US$1822, respectively. Strict pollution control resulting in higher catches (+20%) and lower operating costs (?20%) would increase the net benefit by 15.9% to US$1835 annually. Pollution control would benefit other resource users and is a prerequisite for ecological restoration. Recommendations for Resource Managers
- Stringent pollution control measures are essential to conserve aquatic biodiversity and enhance the livelihoods of fishers but will require considerable public and private sector investment.
- Enhanced fish stocks in the Beijiang River could benefit poor livelihoods but may not be sufficient to lift households out of poverty, aged fishers require government assistance to diversify their livelihoods, access alternative urban employment, and survive with dignity.
- Adopting the economic modeling approach presented here could enable responsible authorities to simultaneously evaluate fish stock enhancement and biodiversity conservation options.
- Broader application of the approach presented here could help ensure small‐scale inland fisheries are managed sustainably and aquatic ecosystems are restored and protected by 2020, in line with Target 6 of the United Nations’ Convention on Biological Diversity Strategic Plan for Biodiversity.
107.
Forest product trade plays an important role in the development of the Chinese forest industry. The trading value of forest product has shown a yearly growth rate of 12% during the last five recent years. Stringent environmental regulations in China have a profound impact on raw material supplies and industrial production in the forest sector; however, their impact on the forest product trade is still unclear. This study applies fixed and random effects models as well as a seemingly unrelated regression model to investigate the impact of environmental regulations on the trade of forest product from 2002 to 2015. The results indicate that the stringent environmental regulations promoted the import but restricted the export of forest product in general. Specifically, the stringent environmental regulations stimulated the import but had an ambiguous impact on the export of the paper product. The stringent environmental regulations had also stimulated the import of wood product but inhibited the export. In contrast, wooden furniture had been affected minimally; only export got slightly negatively affected by environmental regulations. Recommendations for resource managers:
- Trade‐offs between economic growth and environmental regulations are needed to smoothly promote the forest product trade in China.
- Paper and wooden furniture product sectors are less likely to be affected by stringent environmental regulations, because high value‐added products could compensate for environmental costs.
- The wood product sector is more likely to be negatively affected by stringent environmental regulations because environmental costs could severely impact the competitiveness of low value‐added products.
108.
Numerical Algorithms - Gyrocenter dynamics of charged particles plays a fundamental and important role in plasma physics, which requires accuracy and conservation in a long-time simulation.... 相似文献
109.
Let E?R be an interval. By studying an admissible family of branching mechanisms{ψt,t ∈E} introduced in Li [Ann. Probab., 42, 41-79(2014)], we construct a decreasing Levy-CRT-valued process {Tt, t ∈ E} by pruning Lévy trees accordingly such that for each t ∈E, Tt is a ψt-Lévy tree. We also obtain an analogous process {Tt*,t ∈E} by pruning a critical Levy tree conditioned to be infinite. Under a regular condition on the admissible family of branching mechanisms, we show that the law of {Tt,t ∈E} at the ascension time A := inf{t ∈E;Tt is finite} can be represented by{Tt*,t∈E}.The results generalize those studied in Abraham and Delmas [Ann. Probab., 40, 1167-1211(2012)]. 相似文献
110.
Wei Hu Xiu-Hua Luo Bao-Lin Xiong Guodong Zhou 《Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra》2019,223(3):1014-1039
We generalize the monomorphism category from quiver (with monomial relations) to arbitrary finite dimensional algebras by a homological definition. Given two finite dimension algebras A and B, we use the special monomorphism category to describe some Gorenstein projective bimodules over the tensor product of A and B. If one of the two algebras is Gorenstein, we give a sufficient and necessary condition for being the category of all Gorenstein projective bimodules. In addition, if both A and B are Gorenstein, we can describe the category of all Gorenstein projective bimodules via filtration categories. Similarly, in this case, we get the same result for infinitely generated Gorenstein projective bimodules. 相似文献